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In Brazil, all november 20 is comemorated the Zumbi's day, at least it was the first name to this comemoration. Nowaday, they call day of black coincience. There is no coincidence, of course, this black character to brazilian's history was capturated and killed at november, 20 1695. Maybe the name for this HOLLYDAY in Brazil have changed because Zumbi murdered his uncle Ganga Zumba (kilombo of Palmare's king) to take the kilombo's power; raided farms to steal another slaves to work as slave in his kingdom; sentenced to death slaves who escaped from the quilombo and kidnaped white women from farms to obligate them to marry with kilombolas. All about Zumbi are registrated at lots of BOOKS, some of them as: Blacks from Alagoa's history from Alfredo Brandão; O quilombo dos Palmares from Edson Carneiro and others books. Of course that does not invalidate all values black culture has brought to Brazil but this essence about Zumbi, if black people value this "with monument at some of main avenues from Rio and the date the same as his dead"... it shows all black people's context complain deserv analyse with carefull, because there is another black heroes as Henrique Dias; Luiz Gama; Tia Siata; Mercedes Baptista etc. They have kept date dead's Zumbi as "comemoration of them concience?" All your issues must be analyzed carefully so that there are no abuses against minorities in Brazil, who are now white people. Is necessary be carefull, in a poor country as Brazil (with one of the worser education in world by PISA), politition create this thing to have votes (it was officializated at 2011 - it is recent if Zumbi has died at 1695), polititions know those who claim to be oppressed dream of being THE OPRESSORS! Votes from minoritie are not interesting.
A praça Tiradentes, antes Praça da constituição, tem no seu monumento (o primeiro monumento público do Brasil), 1854, uma homenagem à D. Pedro I que assinou e nesta praça jurou à constituição do Brasil imperial. Esse monumento seria à constituição (a 1ª, de 25 de Março de 1824 assinada pelo nosso então imperador do Brasil D. Pedro I). Monumento à constituição, mas em ocasião ao 30º aniverário da independência do Brasil. Em 1854, após sessão extraordinária pela câmara minicipal, aprovada proposta do Dr Haddock Lobo e assinada pelo então imperador D. Pedro II iniciou-se a construção do monumento (há quem diga que esse monumento público foi um presente do filho ao pai).
At 06/08/1710 Jean-François Duclerc and later, 12/09/1711, René Duguay-Trouin. Pirates or corsaries that kidnapped Rio de Janeiro/Brazil. We too already had our tragedy at SEPTEMBER xx11 !
I hope this video brings to you an idea about bucolic atmosphere of charming Paraty; histpory and nature... i will reedit in future to put more information. I will bring more information scattered throughout the site. Now i while have an general overview.
Visit to Maracanã at Rio de Janeiro.
At this video i discrybe the Real Library portuguese of reading as option to tourstic visit, foundade at 1837 by imigrants from Portugal were scaping of absolutism, there is art and literature from Portugal, including big writers from Brazil as Machado de Assis, values that brazilian do not know!
Tiradentes, a improvised hero to Brasil... it was necessary create something later coup from Republic at 1889.
Memorial Carmo's chursh - Today, we will visit the interior of this church where we can find history about imperial family; remains from Pedro Alvares Cabral (navigator who gas discovered Brazil); ramais from lots of cardinais, between them who was the first cardinal for Latin América and the first brazilian to participate in the conclave.
Selaron was an artist from Chile that decided live in Rio de Janeiro and for honor brazilian selection soccer, has decide decorate the convent staircase with floors and tiles he has bought. With time, people has begun to visit and bring floor and tiles from all over the world. In this work of art, you will apreciate this work that has united peaces (floors and tiles) from all over world!
Cadelaria's chursh - Some books says, all history has begun with a portuguese couple, others with spanish couple... the fact is this wonderful building from 1775 (sec. XVI) and inaugurated at 1811 (sec XVII - although still has not finished at 1811), is an wonderful art (all TV sopopera shows this wonderful) where makes part lots moments (polititions) and controversies, but facts that place Rio de Janeiro as a narcocity... is better we apreciate history (forguet polemics) or you ask me in particular... and i will say with proves / newspapes; magazines from era (because i have documents and all makes part of history). Although it is tourism, we must not have shame of history.

A igreja da Cadelaria - Alguns livros dizem que toda a história começou com um casal português, outros com um casal espanhol... o fato é que este maravilhoso edifício de 1775 (século XVI) e inaugurado em 1811 (século XVII - embora ainda não tenha sido concluído em 1811), é uma obra de arte maravilhosa (todas as novelas mostram isso maravilhosamente) onde participam muitos momentos (políticas) e polêmicas, mas fatos que colocam o Rio de Janeiro como uma narcocidade... é melhor apreciarmos a história (esqueça as polêmicas) ou, se me perguntarem em particular... e eu direi com provas / jornais; revistas da época (porque tenho documentos e tudo faz parte da história). Embora seja turismo, não devemos ter vergonha da história.
About the Pantheon of Caxias, if you visit will have history about this brazilian hero; and see the graves of him and his wife. He was hero in Paraguai's war and voided separatist moviments around Brazil. This is to complete context about Quitandinha's palace.
Gaveas Rock (in portuguese: Pedra da Gávea) - Be carefull, this is one example of dangerous trails in Rio de Janeiro. This is a Campaign from firemen about necessity to be careful in this places. Please, the best image is that you have certain to not put yourself in dangerous and the other either.
The night at Lapa (famous street knowled in world as adress of Carioca's bohemia). A noite no bairro da lapa (bairro mundialmente conhecido como o endereço da bohemia carioca).
A primeira igreja protestante construída no Brasil! Esta línda igreja NEOGÓTICA foi fundade em 1862 e é tombada pelo patrimônio histórico.
The Carmo's chursh, the one chursh outside Europe (brazilian people do not know this), church from 1590 - i will edit this videos with photos so as to compair differents eras (not now, i am enjoying my vacation to prepare videos), because although Rio de Janeiro been the second captal from Brazil, the main ones facts from OLD BRAZIL and Europe (this is the one chursh outside Europe that has celebrated events from monarchy) all this things importants for world has happened here in OLD Rio de Janeiro.
The fountain from Valentim's master and imperial Paço - the place where real family from Portugal has arrived and went to live in 1808; the rital of kiss real hand etc. A miracle, is where the boats from Portugal arrived in 1808, nowaday is completely with landfill and the sea away! I am in vacation in Rio de Janeiro, RJ but in future i will edit this videos with ilustrations for you compare what we had in 1808 and today, 2025.
Osorio's general - The brazilian hero from soulth who has fighted at Paraguai's war but the Brazillians from soulth do not know.
In portuguese: Recolhimento from Nsa Sra do Parto (trying to translate for English is Collection of our lady of chieldbirth) - It was a place inaugurated at 1759 to retain women with "dishonest life", the every woman's nightmare ("dishonest women" in sec XVIII was not prostitution), dishonest would be, for example, girl who did not accept groom presented from her father; wife when the husband would travel (to preserv her chastity); adulterous woman... so the tragedy happened! First version in portuguese language, i will prepare an special in english (with photos from era).
Farroupilha's movement (when the moviment betrayed the black slaves).

The farroupilha's moviment comemorated all september 20 is not what is teached at school! The gaucho with hat and horse, that era there was not, it is a lie! You can see some books as Chronicles of the gaucho on foot "Crônicas do gaúcho à pé", in reallity it was a simple man who worked in farm as common worker without horse.

The fact about the Farroupilha's moviment beyond the sale of slaves, was the called Massacre of the Porongos or betrayal of the Porongos.

Do you remember when i have said about black group (in portuguese: LANCEIROS NEGROS), that has fighted by side of farraupilha's moviment: black slaves that had hability with horses and spears, they have fighted with Farroupilha's moviment dreaming with freedom (they were slaves) and the moviment has finished.

They have had hope to receive freedom, but it did not happened!

They were summoned by David Canabarro to a meeting at camping without spears and horses... to resume what you must immagine, they were attracted to ambuch where they had to fight agains imperial troops without chance. This photo (famous photo can resume this regrettable event).

This regreatable event s knowledge as Massacre of the Porongos or betrayal of the Porongos.


Bibliographic reference:

https://juntos.org.br/2021/09/a-revolucao-farroupilha-e-o-apagamento-da-historia-negra-no-rio-grande-do-sul/? fbclid=IwY2xjawMrIRlleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFycFV5b29mRlkxeVZBTjhDAR6ejOqzpsLKhNlVBLaiV8_NIWyuVLBsQvdDVZ0pU9edXe42mWuRRIKdFz0WXg_aem_ sjF6G6pUQ0Fc-Ygliw-ULw

https://www.todamateria.com.br/guerra-dos-farrapos/?fbclid=IwY2xjawMrIWRleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFycFV5b29mRlkxeVZBTjhDAR7sFYtRzjXEjeQE vyvAw-PjTHqvUp8KoRnF5lvYEFbxi0ukpNqzDVZIAyT6dA_aem_b75SQttGQdgWpjZLpMxKEg

https://www.gov.br/arquivonacional/pt-br/sites_eventos/sites-tematicos-1/brasil-oitocentista/conheca-o-acervo/duque-de-caxias-rt?fbclid =IwY2xjawMrIYtleHRuA2FlbQIxMABicmlkETFycFV5b29mRlkxeVZBTjhDAR7sFYtRzjXEjeQEvyvAw-PjTHqvUp8KoRnF5lvYEFbxi0ukpNqzDVZIAyT6dA_aem_ b75SQttGQdgWpjZLpMxKEg
A lenda da noiva de Santa Rita em Paraty/RJ - Diz a lenda que uma moça (devota de Santa Rita) iria realizar seu sonho de se casar na igreja de sua amada santa. Sua família e a cidade se engajou nos preparativos para este grande dia para a moça, mas na véspera de seu casamento, não acordou pela manhã (estava morta! Paraty ficou extremamente comovida "pensava-se na injustiça divina" (como na história de Drácula em que principe Vlad se vê traído por Deus e termina relações com a eternidade), autoridades e a igreja de Santa Rita concordaram sepultar a moça na igreja. Foi um velório e sepultamento extremamente emotivo (ouvia-se o choro dos anjos no céu), o noivo se desesperava e não deixou o túmulo da moça (dentro da igreja), até que todos foram para suas casas e igreja precisava fechar. O rapaz, desolado, ficou então na praça da igreja. O tempo passou, noite caiu... o noivo finalmente foi pra casa e durante seus pesadelos tinha visões da noiva ofegante e barulhos como "batidas em madeira", então o noivo voltou à praça da igreja (era lua cheia), após algum curto tempo, um vulto vestido de noiva saindo da igreja transpassando a porta de entrada em direção ao chafariz da praça da igreja. Feliz e assustado, o noivo não perderia a chance de ter sua noiva de volta e foi atrás da mesma, encontrando-a no chafariz de frente à igreja. Emocionado, declarou-se para a moça e a perguntou o que estava fazendo. A moça olhou para o rapaz e disse "- Fui enterrada com sede! Após a resposta ao rapaz, a noiva desaparece sem explicação... o rapaz buscou autoridades da cidade e o padre para saber o que seria??? Onde estaria???! Dia seguinte, padre; autoridades; polícia e curiosos fizeram a exumação forçada do corpo e perceberam que ela poderia ter sido salva, pois seu corpo estava de bruços e a porta do caixão com muitos arranhões!!! Isso causou tanto assombro à cidade que, o reverendo padre decidiu transferir o chafariz para dentro do igreja (nas noites em que a noiva aparece, não assombraria a cidade (tudo aconteceria dentro da igreja). Recomend-se que rapazes solteiros não passem perto da igreja em noites de lua cheia, pois esta história vem da época caiçara (antigos povos de Paraty), o noivo não é mais vivo... mas a noiva, ainda deseja se casar.